- April 8, 2024
Imen Datis Asia Co
Fire-resistant cable, or in other words, fire-resistant cable, is a type of cable that can withstand a certain temperature in contact with flames during a certain period of time. This type of cable is usually used in fire alarm systems, emergency lighting, or fire pumps. Fireproof cable is really known as a fire resistant cable.
Fireproof cable can be single-stranded or multi-stranded, which are known as fireproof wire and fireproof cable, respectively. The choice between these two types depends on the intended use and location. These cables are tested according to various standards such as IEC, BS, IEEE, etc.
Although the title “fireproof cable” may not be considered as a suitable title for this type of cable, its high resistance to fire and other natural factors, even ultraviolet rays, has made it one of a kind in the industry.
Fireproof cable, as one of the types of weak pressure cables, is not fireproof (fireproof) contrary to the misconceptions that exist; It is also non-flammable. Its main functions include preventing the spread of flame during fire and proper functioning in fire conditions. The insulation of these cables is made of silicone rubber, which has properties such as flexibility and high insulation properties.
Silicone, as a type of polymer, has many properties such as flexibility and excellent resistance. Silicon compounds turn into ceramic when exposed to flame and protect the conductor inside the cable. The conductor of these cables is usually tin-coated copper, which performs well at high temperatures up to 150 degrees Celsius and is resistant to moisture, corrosive gases, tension, strain and cold.
Fireproof cables, with features such as fire resistance, shield or protection, resistance to strong currents caused by high voltages, low smoke during fire, etc., have become one of the most widely used types of cables that can be used in various industries. In the past, PVC-coated cables were used, which are now obsolete due to the many hazards and accidents they caused in fire, and their suitable replacement is silicone fireproof cables.
One of the other important features of silicone fireproof cables is the non-production of toxic gases from the halogen family during a fire. These toxic gases, which are the result of the combustion of cellulose materials, are one of the main causes of loss of life in fire accidents. Writing the characteristic LSZH on the sheath of fireproof cables means that they are low smoke and halogen free.
Fireproof cable or fire alarm cable is one of the types of cables that are highly resistant to fire. These cables have a fireproof coating, good resistance to smoke and toxic gases, which ensure that in the event of a fire, the fire cannot spread to other parts of the network. This feature prevents damage to users and financial damages. Due to the mentioned features, these cables are used in most places such as: airports and train stations, hotels, high-rise residential buildings, gas stations, data centers, etc.
Shielded fireproof cables are also considered as a type of fireproof cables, the main purpose of their production is to protect the information of the cables against all kinds of electrical interference. Also, if you need to prevent interference by noise, you can use shielded fireproof cable. The shields can be in the form of woven copper or aluminum layers or foil sheets that drain the noise when connected to the ground.
Heat-resistant cables are fireproof cables that consist of one or more strands and have high resistance. These cables can withstand a minimum temperature of 200 degrees Celsius. In contrast to fire-resistant cables, when they catch fire, the fire spreads in their network and causes fire.
One of the most important features of heat-resistant cable is its resistance to fire propagation. These cables are made of chemical materials such as XLPE and LSZH, which have semi-excellent properties against fire. Also, the outer sheath of the cable may be made of foamed mineral materials, fiberglass, and aluminum to remove heat from the cable core.
In the case of fire and heat resistant cables, it should be noted that these cables have indicators such as the amount of fire (fire class) and the electrical conductivity of electricity (turtle resistance process), which should be in accordance with international standards such as IEC 60332 and conform to IEC 60754.
Fire resistance: Fire resistant cables or fireproof cables have the ability to resist fire. These cables can be exposed to very high temperatures and stop the fire until the fire is extinguished.
Protection of installations: using fire-resistant cables protects installations, equipment and communication lines. Reduces potential downtime or other damage in the event of a fire.
Low smoke emission: usually fire resistant cables also have smoke emission reduction features. This feature can help reduce the spread of smoke and toxic gases in the event of a fire and facilitate people’s exit.
Long life: Fire resistant cables usually have a long life. They can be used and function under harsh conditions and long time.
Basically, fire-resistant cables reduce flammable factors through the use of heat-resistant materials and meet the requirements of relevant fire standards.
Fire-resistant cable or fire-resistant cable is a type of cable that, unlike ordinary cables, is more resistant to fire and high heat and prevents its spread in the event of a fire. These cables are often used in industrial environments, high importance buildings and fire sensitive facilities.
Fire-resistant cable is suitable for fire conditions and prevents the spread of fire, but heat-resistant cable is suitable for places with high temperatures and will function normally in those conditions and do not have fire resistance for temperatures greater than 125 Celsius, heat-resistant cables are used.
Fire-resistant cable and heat-resistant cable are two types of cables designed to resist fire and high heat. The main difference is for two reasons; Use of different materials and different performance.
Fire-resistant cable is designed to protect against the spread of fire and minimize heat. These cables use fire- and heat-resistant materials with the ability to burn and spread fire less, so that in case of fire, the fireproof cable or a part of it will stop. These cables are used to transmit information in strong pressure platforms.
Heat-resistant cables are designed to withstand extremely high temperatures without being damaged or degraded. These cables use heat-resistant materials with the ability to maintain structural strength at high temperatures and can be resistant to flaming heat and thermal radiation. These types of cables are usually used in industrial environments that may be at high temperatures, such as being near hot objects or exposed to thermal radiation.
As a result, both types of cables, using the right materials and the right design, have their main purpose of resisting fire or heat. The main difference between them is in the use of resistant materials plus solutions that are used to reduce fire or reduce the effect of heat.
Fire Alarm Cable is a single-core or multi-core cable that is used to detect fire and cannot be reused after that. In fact, a cable that can withstand high temperature and direct heat is called a fire alarm cable. It is necessary to use these cables in the set, and for this reason, electrical experts buy fire alarm cables. These cables are used in all fire alarm systems in most places such as towers, residential and office buildings, warehouses, train stations, parking lots, airports, industrial facilities, factories and other cases. These fire-resistant cables send relevant notifications and signals to the fire-fighting systems at the beginning of the fire, and the fire-fighting systems notify people by activating the siren. The price of the fire alarm cable depends on its resistance to heat.
Fire resistant cable or fireproof cable can have stranded, dry or flexible conductors. These cables can withstand very high temperatures in a certain period because they have a high temperature tolerance. These products are marketed in different types, each of which has special features. These products are one of the most important types of cables, which are in the category of cables with low flexibility. Some of these products are called LSOH or low smoke and do not contain deadly gas. These cables are also called fireproof cables. Fireproof cable is one of the practical equipment in fire extinguishing and fire prevention systems. These cables are designed in such a way that they can withstand very high heat for a certain period of time and are resistant to direct flame. For this reason, they are used in protection systems, fire alarm, extinguishing and fire alarm systems in complexes.
In case of a fire in a building, until the fire and rescue forces arrive at the desired place, the task of controlling the fire is the responsibility of the fire extinguishing systems. If normal cables are used in these systems, as the temperature increases and the fire spreads, this burnt wire and cable and the circuits that are responsible for feeding these systems will fail. For this reason, the fire extinguishing system is disabled. As the cables and circuits of the system burn, toxic fumes are released into the space, which multiplies the problem. For this reason, the use of fire alarm cables is very necessary.
Fireproof cable and fire alarm are different. The purpose of both cables is the same, but they are designed differently. Flame retardant cable prevents the spread of fire. But the fire notification, in addition to preventing the spread of fire, allows the system to continue its fire extinguishing activity for a certain period of time. The fire alarm cable abbreviation is also a way to introduce this type of cable, which consists of numbers and letters and is determined based on the number of cable strands, its material and coating.
The presence of both of these cables, i.e. fire-proof cable and fire alarm cable, is very necessary, especially in large industries. These cables send the signal to consumer devices when there is a fire; Therefore, fireproof cable and fire alarm cable should be used.
The fireproof cable prevents the flame from spreading further, and the fire alarm cable continues to operate for a certain period of time. Also, the fire alarm cable is resistant to fire and heat; Of course, these cables may also be non-combustible.
The fire alarm cable transmits information about the fire; But the function of the fireproof cable is to maintain the resistance of the electric circuit against high heat.
Standard BS6387:2013 Cat. c
The fire-resistant cable (fire alarm) must withstand a direct flame temperature of 950 degrees Celsius for 180 minutes (three hours) and during this time the fire alarm cable can continue to work without disrupting the way it functions or transmits data. .
Standard BS6387:2013 Cat. W
According to this standard, the fire-resistant cable must withstand the direct flame temperature of 650 degrees Celsius for 30 minutes, assuming that we spray water on the cable from the 15th minute to the end of the test.
Standard BS6387:2013 Cat. Z
Based on this standard, the fire alarm cable must be able to withstand the temperature of 950 degrees Celsius for 15 minutes along with mechanical shocks with a time interval of one shock every 30 seconds from the beginning of the test to the end of the test time (15 minutes).
BS EN 50200: 2006 standard
According to the instructions of this standard, the fire-resistant cable must be able to withstand 830 degrees Celsius direct flame temperature for 120 minutes (two hours), assuming that mechanical shocks occur every 5 minutes, a shock caused by the settlement of the building.
Standard BS EN 50200: 2006 + Annex E
One of the strictest test standards is Annex E of BS EN 50200: 2006, which introduces the test conditions as follows:
The cable of the fire alarm system must be able to withstand 830 degrees Celsius direct flame for 30 minutes, assuming that it withstands the tension shocks caused by sitting every 5 minutes from the beginning of the fire and from 15 minutes to the end of the sprinkler water spraying test. to do
LPCB approval
Please note that if a cable can successfully pass the five above-mentioned test standards, it will be able to obtain LPCB approval of Full Compliance type from the Red Book Live Institute in England. Or in case of issuance, it will be of conditional or non-compliance type.
It should be noted that the standard items mentioned up to this point are mainly related to fire alarm system cables for residential areas, high-rise buildings, cinema halls, etc., and “standard” series cables can be used. ,
But for places where there is a possibility of fire with the possibility of oil and oily fluids, it is better to use “enhanced cables with mica tape” series.
To test cables reinforced with mica tape, we introduce the following standard. In this case, in addition to the mentioned 5 standards, the fire-resistant cable reinforced with mica tape must also successfully pass the following standard.
Standard BS 8434-2: 2003 + A2: 2009
In this standard, the test method is stated in such a way that the fire-resistant cable reinforced with mica tape must withstand a direct flame of 930 degrees Celsius for 120 minutes (two hours).
Also, from the start of the fire to the end of the two hours of the test time, it must withstand a shock every five minutes caused by the building’s settlement tension, and it is important that it can withstand water spraying from the 60th minute to the end of the fire, i.e. for one hour.
Also, in cases where the fire continues for a longer period of time due to the presence of flammable petroleum materials and fluids, it is better to use MICC cables, which stands for Mineral Insulated Copper Cladding Cable. These cables are usually used in oil refineries and warehouses. to be
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